Soo-a s-day Cambodia: facts and history

Fast facts:

- Capital: Phnom Penh

- Population:12 million

- Language: Khmer

- Currency: Riel (R)

- Main religion: Theravada Buddhism

- Climate: Tropical currency

- Flag: three horizontal bands of blue and red with Angkor wat in the centre

Hello Cambodia, which is officially known as the 'Kingdom of Cambodia' and with a population of circa 12 million it ranks as the 69th most populous country on the planet. Cambodianwas once known as the Khmer Empire, a Hindu-Buddhist Kingdom, which stretched across xxx.

The official religion, Theravada Buddhism, is practiced by 95% of the population, with Vietnamese, Chinese, Chams and various hill tribes making up the remaining 5%. Cambodia is now a constitutional Monarchy, with a monarch chosen to be the head of state.

The Khmer Empire ruled Cambodia for over 600 years and built the monumental temple ruins at Angkor to honour the King's family, with the most famous, Angkor Wat, built by the king as his resting place. Since the 15th century Cambodia has been ruled by a variety of its neighbours and, more recently, the French as part of its Indochina empire.

Cambodia became independent in 1953 but became embroiled in the Vietnam war, which allowed the murderous Khmer Rouge regime to sweep into power in 1975 and force communism on their compatriots. Between 1975 and 1979 they drove the country back to the Stone Age and carried out a genocide of the population that was responsible for over a million deaths. Thankfully the Khmer Rouge were only in power for four years and were ousted by the Vietnamese in 1979 which led to the Cambodian-Vietnamese War between 1979 and 1991. I packed my Vietnamese cap at the bottom of my backpack after reading this...

Since the  peace treaty of '91 it was briefly governed by the United Nations (91-93), before being handed back to the people as part of democratic elections in '93 but there was a political coup by the Cambodian People's Party in '97. Since 2997 the country has been run as a 'vaguely communist free-market state with a relatively authoritarian regime and a superficial democracy'.

I am sure I will include some more history and facts about Cambodia in my posts that cover our time in the country. As we are still following a gruelling itinerary round South East Asia, we only have four days in the country split 50:50, with two days in Phnom Penh and two days in Siem Reap/Angkor.

Before signing of this post that serves as an introduction to Cambodia, I have two corrections and one decision to inform readers:

1) Corrections: 

a) I actually omitted the most obvious communist country from the post covering history and facts of Vietnam, North Korea, so there are actually five rather than four communist states left in the world; and

2) The exchange rate between Vietnamese Dong and pound sterling is roughly 30,000:1 VND:GBP.

2) Decisions:

I am going to restrict my Lord of the Rings references with one of the books dedicated to each subsequent continent. Book One, The Fellowship of the Ring, will cover Asia; Book Two, The Two Towers, will serve Australasia; and references from Book Three, Return of the King, will be utilised in South America. References from the Hobbit will feature in posts in North America, the journey home and the post-traveling wrap up. 

Lee-a howy

I'll Miss Siagon (and Vietnam)

This post covers the train trip from Hoi An to Ho Chi Minh (HCM)/Siagon, trip to the Cu Chi tunnels and another one to the Mekong Delta from the afternoon of Tuesday 7th and midnight of Thursday 9th October.

Even though time constraints have meant that we have had to keep up a gruelling pace down Vietnam and miss out some highly recommended places, I have grown to love this country. With this in mind I was feeling a tad said getting on the train to our last destination, before leaving for Cambodia.

All this was forgotten when I got chatting to a couple of American travellers at the station and one of them asked to take a picture of my backpack. One of my wind-ups since starting travelling has been about Becs' backpack. Not only has her one not got zips or different access points into the main compartment but it hasn't even got a swanky cover that zips over the straps to convert it into a suitcase.

Converting it into a suitcase makes it easier to check in on flights, unlike Becs who has to check hers in at the oversized luggage counter. I keep on suggesting we swap rucksacks. I know Becs is keen but she knows that I wouldn't let her forget the trade. If only it was a little bigger Dad my rucksack would be perfect... ;-)

The train journey from Denang (nearest train station to Hoi An) and Saigon was reasonably uneventful: apart from Becs dropping a rather chunky book from the top bunk onto the head of a sleeping Vietnamese guy, ouch; and our two Vietnamese cabin buddies laughing at Becs and I getting up on the top bunk and playfully checking the supports. 

The train ride has also made me even more certain that the two most used words in the world are OK and Hello, as everyone seems to use these quite freely in their own languages, especially on phone calls.

We arrived in HCM at 6 am on the 8th and, after the now customary row about directions, arrived at the hostel and checked in, before booking a tour around the Cu Chi tunnels that afternoon, a trip to the Mekong Delta the following day and our bus to Phnom Penh. Accommodation, food and drink is ridiculously cheap but travel and tours take up a large slice of your daily budget. Two second class rail tickets from Hanoi to Hue or from Denang to HCM cost between $40 and $60.

I don't know whether it is because we are traveling south and have visited Hanoi and Hoi An but I was a little disappointed by HCM. Aside from being the gateway for some magnificent tours as well has having excellent landmarks and museums, HCM didn't possess quite the same character or other places we had visited. The streets weren't quite as quaint and the banks of the Saigon River not as captivating. It was just like any another bustling metropolis you find around the world with the vanilla Starbucks and other franchises of American food outlets.

The morning was spent strolling round the city taking in the sights and visiting the Ho Chi Minh Museum, Opera House, Revolutionary Museum, Cathedral Notre-Dame, Independence Palace (which was the old American Embassy that was evacuated as the U.S. withdrew from the war) and War Remnants Museum.

The Ho Chi Minh Museum mostly covered the revolution against France and the main protagonists in the struggle. It was quite amusing that we both wondered why Ho Chi Minh was 'Brother Number 1' when most of the museum is dedicated to Nguyen Tat Thanh. It was only when you had pictures of HCM and NTT alongside each other that the penny dropped and we realised that he had given himself a new name similar to the Chinese Communists who inspired him.

The rest of the HCM Museum and the Revolutionary Museum was a comparison of life preceding communism to life immediately after the revolution as well as now days. Whilst interesting, there was a thick wedge of propaganda as how can you compare horse drawn carriages with trains and industrial power plants? Isn't that just part of progress rather than down to any political ideology...

The most interesting, yet gruesome, museum was the War Remnants. This contained many artefacts from the Vietnam War, including some heavy duty American military toys jettisoned during the withdrawal or shot down/captured. There was also the prison that was used to incarcerate Viet Cons captured during the war and couple of floors dedicated to Napalm and Phosphorus Bombs.

Whilst absolutely horrific I had to take it all into perspective that the post-world war two planet was a vastly different place to now, with vastly polarised ideologies. Whilst I wouldn't personally send troops into war to fight because people disagreed with my politics, it has to be considered that very few communist regimes have not turned into totalitarian regimes that have persecuted and killed many citizens; and that is coming from, a socialist with communistic leanings. Still, it is no different to fascist regimes at the other extreme of the spectrum.

I don't agree with the decision of the American Generals to use Napalm and Phosphorus bombs (and think there should have been some people held accountable for war crimes) but if I was put in same situation I fear I would have made the same decision. I think it would take a very disciplined and moral person, when faced with an invisible enemy that was killing many of your troops, not to sign-off off an order to gas the underground tunnels and utilise other more extreme methods. 

Still, that aside, I personally fundamentally disagree with the carpet bombing of the country and the destruction of firtile fields by crop dusting, as it has affected innocent people more than the people they were fighting against as it has destroyed their means to feed themselves, their livelihoods and caused variety of conditions and disabilities to have affected future generations of Vietnamese citizens.

I expect that many might disagree with my perspective and opinion on this point but hope that people realise that I am not justifying any action but trying to consider what I would have done in the same shoes. Also it is just an opinion and understand that most have different opinion such is life.

I was pleased we did the museums before setting out to the Cu Chi tunnels in the afternoon, as we had more perspective on the tunnels and the role they played during the war. The afternoon tour was very interesting and included demonstrations of the access points and traps that were used by the Viet Con. I have to admit to being impressed. Not only were the traps ingenious but they also used termite nest as air holes to the underground tunnels. 

In addition when the Americans figured out about the use of the termite nest the Viet Con first proceeded to cover them in a mixture of Chilli and Pepper to aggravate the sniffer dogs and then finally distort the smell by rubbing the nest with clothes from either captured or dead US soldiers to confuse the dogs. One other amusing thing we got told was that Ho Chi Minh invented the flip flop or at least that he invented one, made out of car tires that could be worn the wrong way round. Whilst reminding me of Kim Jong-il claiming to have run the 100 metres in less than ten seconds, it was very clever as it the foot makes in the ground made the Americans think that the Viet Con were travelling in the opposite direction.

After the tour and demonstrations we got to go inside a tunnel that was part of the level  2 system of tunnels; we were told that there were four levels that all had different purposes. I managed to get all the way through the tunnel but I wouldn't say it was comfortable by any means. Not only was I sweating buckets but it was only 1 metre high and around half a metre wide. By the end I was on hands and knees and had to go face first down a little 4 metres slidey bit that reminded me of the Goonies. 

Every now and then when I think of wars and what it must have been like to fight during them, I always think with a massive slice of luck I might have had a poor-reasonable chance to survive, but I don't think I would have stood a chance during the Vietnam war. Humidity aside, the U.S. were fighting an enemy in their own country who had all the tricks up their sleeve and were motivated by what they felt were imperialist invaders. Besides, it seems obvious to me that the US underestimated the Viet Con and that some of the generals made so poor strategic decisions and tactical errors.

Our final day in Vietnam was spent on and around the Mekong Delta, which is the final leg of the 12th longest river before the water ends up into the Pacific Ocean. The Delta has been formed by four thousand years of sedimentary process resulting two main branches: the Upper and Lower. The Upper branch splits into a further seven branches and collectively they are known as '9 Dragons'.

The day was very relaxing traveling by boat and then traditional canoes, visiting Buddhist statues, floating markets and seeing Vietnamese in traditional settings either fishing or working in paddy fields. I think Vietnamese are very entrepreneurial as even the benches in the Buddhist temples were sponsored and each paddy field had a homemade graveyard in the centre as it increases the price of the field if someone wants to purchase it off the family.

I include a link to an interesting blog about the culture and the origins of the famous hats: http://xotours.vn/blog/2013/03/26/try-to-wear-this-hat-backwards/

With the tour completed we headed back to HCM for the bus to PP. Currently there is a lot of construction work going on across the country building bridges, bypasses, tunnels, roads, underground trains, airports etc. I thought this must have been a central pillar in the latest five year plan but the tour guide corrected me by saying that these have all been sponsored and/or donated by foreign governments, which is good to see and making a dramatic difference to the lives of ordinary people. The trip from HCM to the Mekong Delta used to take half a day but now only takes 1 hour...

So the first country has been completed and we were about to travel to Cambodia. I did reflect on the fact that everywhere we stayed in Vietnam began with a H and was curious to see whether that trend might continue, but realised that this was about to be blown out of the water in only two more days.

So for the last time I sign off with, Tam Biet... Goodbye Vietnam... :-(

Redhorn Pass and Dwarf Mines of Moria: the DMZ, the Hai Van Pass and Hoi An

This post, which was written on the overnight train from Denang to Ho Chi Minh/Siagon, covers the days from the 4th till midday of the 7th October which we spent: in Hue; at the Demilitarised Zone (DMZ), due north of Hue; traversing the Hai Van Pass, which is in between Hue and Hoi An; and our time in Hoi An.

We arrived in Hue at 10 am on the 4th of October and I have to admit to telling a white lie. Before leaving the UK, Bec's and I made a pact that we would walk everywhere humanly possible, so that we could stretch our budget out as far as possible. As the walk from the train station to our hotel was around six kilometres, this was the first real test of the pact. Rather than putting the distance out there for public consumption, I simply decided to lie and tell Bec's that we were only 2km from the train station.

Whilst we made it to the hotel reasonably easily and without too much moaning, it was quiet a tab as we were fully laden with our backpacks (both circa 15kg) and front packs of around circa 5kg each. At this point I feel inclined to answer the question I received via a private message through Facebook; if the Blog is Lord of the Rings themed, which one of my wife and I is Frodo, and which one is Samwise?

Begrudgingly, I have to admit that Bec's is the brains of the operations and, as she has planned the route that we are taking for the six months, I am happy to concede that she is Frodo. She also seems to be weighed down by the bag, that has become already her 'One Ring', but an alternative view is that I am the ring that weighs her down and the source of mischief and strange stuff.

Well, I guess that makes me Sam, and secretly I am delighted by this. In my opinion Frodo wouldn't have got out of the Shire without Sam, let alone to the Fires of Mount Doom. Also, I still have the Boy Scout in my psyche, which means I have almost anything possible that we could need on our trip (head torches, first add kit, bottle opener, whistles, etc.) stuffed in one place or another in my two packs. The other similarity to Sam is that I carry more than my far share and during the long walk from the train station a few other items were cross loaded from Bec's to my backpacks. Its nice to feel needed though... ;-)

Still, back to Hue. Hue was once the capital of Vietnam, but is quite a small place with the Perfume River flowing through its heart. It boasts some of the finest Sino-Virtnamese architecture still remaining in the country, which is a legacy of Vietnamese Emperors; with pride of place reserved for the Imperial City, a high walled compound that is known as the Citadel. Alongside these, are some large impressive French Colonial houses that line the main road from the train station on the opposite side of the Perfume River to the Citadel.

Like any respectable Hobbits, Becs and I started the day sampling some of local specialities that Hue had to offer before beginning our sightseeing. I shall leave the naming and describing the food to the master and in fact now that Becs has published her first posting of her food orientated blog, I can include its address: 2ramblingeggs@blogspot.com.

One way we have been able to sample all the food on offer and keep cost to a minimum is to follow the dietary lead of the said Hobbits. So with first and second breakfasts consumed we made our way to the Citadel. To write that we almost never went in as the entrance fee is 110,000 VND (£3.30) per person is embarrassing, but thankfully sense prevailed and in we went. Whilst some internet sites bemoan the lack of information, I was suitably impressed. Either people had unfairly high expectations or it had improved of late, which is possibly the case, as it is going through extensive restoration to return it to its previous glory. Apart from the demise of my flip flops, such that I had to walk barefoot for most of the day, it was money well spent and was really impressive.

Like most palaces and imperial cities I have visited, the Citadel is a labyrinth of courtyards, walkways, living quarters and large halls for royal events and ceremonies. I was quiet perplexed by a public tennis court in one segment, until we read the information board that one of the last few rulers was obsessed with western culture including tennis, golf and driving. I suppose it's not that strange when you think about it as quite a few of the British royal palaces contain a real tennis court or two. After the Citadel we decided not to do a boat trip down the river but have a wander round the streets and consume first lunch, second lunch, late lunch, etc.

The original plan for the 5th was to simply take the train from Hue to Denang and then the bus to Hoi An, but an executive intervention by Samwise the Brave (and you have to be brave to propose a change to your wife's well laid plans) meant that we booked a private driver to take us up to the DMZ where the River Hangh Lil serves as the old border between North and South Vietnam and the Viet Con tunnels, which reminded me of the Mines of Moria and would be an excellent place to play hide and seek. You just had to take the anti-US propaganda with a pinch of salt.

After the DMZ we headed back past Hue and then down to Hoi An via the stunning Hai Van Pass, which made me think of the Redhorn Pass from LOTR. Either side of the pass were many stunning lakes (including the imposing Tam Ziang lake), bays, coves and the Marble Mountain, where Vietnamese marble is mined. 

Not only did it actually only work out a few dollars more expensive but we managed to take in a few recommended sights that we would otherwise have missed due to time constraints. The only downside of the day was the weather, which was mostly torrential rain, but we did get invited into a Vietnamese house to shelter from the rain at one point, so it wasn't all bad as it satisfied the 'people watcher' in me.

We arrived in Hoi An sometime after six pm on the evening of the 5th and had a gentle wander about town. Hoi An is even smaller than Hue and is like the a Vietnamese equivalent of a Cornish costal fishing town with a funny language, but less about Cornwall. It is an historic port with narrow cobbled streets and two hundred year old merchant shop-houses that have been passed down and are still run by family descendants.

The first night ended with a Vietnamese lock-in to watch the West Ham game and the second day involved Becs doing a cookery class. Not only will these classes be a useful respite from each other over the coming months but I hope I will also be able to continue to eat the delicious food that Becs has prepared. That evening we went across one of the foot bridges to the ancient town to look around the Night Market and see the spectacular array of lanterns that light the entire town, which was Gondor-esq.

The morning of the train (7th October) was a bit of a lazy one, albeit Bec's went to the market to get some of the famous local baguettes (Banh ... ) and I went for a run to the beach, as I have started to resemble Fatty Bolger.

Before ending this post I also need to thank Sara and Scott Reilley, without which Becs and I wouldn't be making this trip. They convinced Becs one night in Dubai to go travelling and we are in fact following some of the routes that they have either individually or collectively traveled in the past. For these reasons they are the Bilbo Baggins of our adventure out of the Shire, as without Bilbo there would have been no LOTR. Many thanks and I already can't wait to share our tales with you five the next time we meet up in the UK. I think that's enough LOTR references for one post... :-)

The next post of the Blog will cover the train from Denang down to Ho Chi Min/Saigon and our time in, and around the city. I am hoping to be able to book myself on a half-day fishing tour on the Mekong Delta, to learn how the Vietnamese people fish. 

I have now started to get into the rhythm of writing a blog again, such that I write my notes quickly in a pad during the day and simply need to type it up last minute before bed, which depending upon how many beers we have drunk that day/evening can only take 30-40 minutes. Usually there is one final proof read after I wake up in the next morning before breakfast and it is published. At least this way it is not becoming too intrusive.

Tam Biet

A Fellowship around Ha Long Bay and on the train to Hue

This post covers the period we were in Ha Long Bay and traveling by Train to Hue, which is between the 2nd and midday of the 4th day of October. I am already convinced that this segment of the world tour will live long in the memory, as we have met some lovely people and we were able to indulge in some excellent sightseeing.

In fact, and I know it is early days, I think Vietnam could be somewhere near the top of the list of countries we visit, as I have absolutely loved everything about Vietnam: the history, the food, the people, the architecture and the natural beauty. It will be interesting to see the final leaderboard of countries once been 'there' and are back again to the UK, at the end of our trip.

On the morning of the 2nd October we were picked up from our hotel in the old town quarter in Hanoi and had a 1.5 hours drive to the port that serves Ha Long Bay. Ha Long Bay (literally 'Descending Dragon Bay' in Sino-Vietnamese) is a Unesco World Heritage site that consists of thousands of isles of varying sizes and forms, most of which are limestone, and features many islets and caves. It reminded me of the landscape from the Leonardo DiCaprio film, 'The Beaches'.

A good thing about tours is that, if you get a good one, you can meet some interesting and fun people; thankfully the group on this one was excellent - a Fellowship quickly formed. Tours will also be useful, every now and then, to freshen things up as just two of us on the road together. There were sixteen of us in the group which was comprised of Americans, Slovenians Dutch, British, French and Danish. I know it comes to us all eventually but this was the first tour that I have been on where I was the oldest person in the group... :-(

As with all groups there are naturally some that you gravitate to more than others and this group included some key protagonists from LOTR, but thankful no Smeagols:

- Merry and Pippin: A great couple from England, Mairead and Alex, who are from Oxford and Litchfield respectively. One thing I have learnt over the years is to wear a hammers T-Shirt on the first days of a tour as its a great icebreaker. True to form this initiated a conversation with Alex on football and a friendship was made; albeit Football is a sport he knows nothing about as a Stoke fan... ;-)

- Galadriel: Miriam, a life-force and real joy from sunny California. The address for her brilliant blog, which puts mine to shame and is well worth a read, is http://dandeliondiaires.wordpress.com; and

- Gandalf: An American chap called Chris, who lives in northeast China with his girlfriend Alexandra, who is wise beyond his years. He is an interesting mix of 'legal wiz by day'/'Capoeira teacher by night'. In fact Chris stepping up to the plate during the Tai Chi class, when all the staff admitted to not knowing Tai Chi (..,) was a highlight of the tour; especially his rendition of a Capoeira song about a rueful sailor who had a bad life that was wooed by the life on the high seas...

Once we arrived at port we quickly departed from land on a tender that would not only take us to our boat but be used many times on the cruise to get us from the main boat to activities in more shallow waters which included a jaunt around one of the more substantial Islands (Monkey Island), which had some spectacular caves and (can you Adam and Eve it) Monkeys, and Sea-Kayaking round some pretty bays and islets.

Apart from the activities and breakfast/lunch/dinner the rest of the time was spent on the sun deck taking in the stunning views. This also served as a safe haven to retreat to after we were subjected to an incredibly poor Karaoke system after dinner on the first day, which seemed to only have songs from the 1950s or Vietnamese/Chinese classics, played through a sound system that sounded worse than my old Sega Mastersystem from my youth. Whilst up on deck I also seized the moment to teach others an interesting version of Rummy that I learnt many years ago in Australia, which killed a few hours.

Like all tours, there were a lot of funny/embarrassing moments, of which I will share four:

- One of the staff on the boat seemed to take a shine to yours truly and continuously referred to me as Mr Bond. He seemed to get the joke when I said only if this was 'Mr Bond, the retirement years', but seemed genuinely perplexed when I announced to the group that "Odd Job had lost a bit of weight".

- I endeared myself (not) to an American woman on Monkey Island, when I used the Ghostbusters' gag to her question of, "where do these stairs go" with the answer "up". In true Mr Deane 'how to make friends and influence people' fashion this was quickly followed up with a retort to her deadpan look stating that it was a joke and when she asked "really" I said to some. Well you can't win them all...?

- After the sea-kayaking, I was summoned by two Vietnamese women on the jetty. Fearing that I was about to be tapped up for tacky souvenirs, I gingerly made my way over only to be 'bullied' by them as they groped my manboobs, whilst laughing that I had big breasts for a man. They were really sweet and laughed heartedly when I stated that it wasn't me having big breasts but them having small ones. I was relieved that Becs was there and laughing at the whole thing, as that situation could of sounded completely different when played back to her later...

- 'Vietnamese wine'-gate: I think all of the group felt a little duped when we all sampled a few glasses of seemingly complementary Vietnamese wine at lunch on day one, only to be told later that we were going to have to pay for the glasses drunk. As Becs later informed me that our package included complimentary wine with food, when it came to settling the bar tabs I made them fully aware that we wouldn't be paying for the wine.

It is amazing that in one week travelling we now are so money conscious that we made a fuss over £10 and I think others on the trip thought we must be the worst IT Manager and Investment Banking Compliance Executive, but if we overspend just by £5 each day that is nearly one thousand pound extra over the whole trip; and it was a matter of principle that you should get what you paid for.

My embarrassment was complete when, after forty minutes in the company's offices using various negotiation tactics to get them to refund the wine, Becs finds the email from Expedia that confirms that the trip is inclusive of wine served during meals, only for it to be pointed out that is a different tour. I think I will ask for actual evidence next time before going into bat...

Still, all turned out reasonably level on the budget front over the two days, as we got a couple of (complimentary) beers from the tour company, whilst in their offices 'debating' and later, at a vendor near the train station, we got at 50% discount on our food and beers, as they were delighted that we encouraged other westerners to sit down, especially as it went from empty when we arrived to about eight groups and couples by the time we left.

Like the ending of the 'Fellowship of the Ring' on the banks of the Great River, our fellowship parted ways, all going different directions across Vietnam or the world. Merry and Pippin's part in this tale is not over as they were on the same night train from Hanoi, albeit going to a different destination and were in a better class of coach; snobs.

The 14 hour train ride from Hanoi to Hue was great. As most people know, I am a bit of a transport geek but it is also another great way to meet people. In our sleeper cabin we had two really nice travel companions: a tap-dancing Japanese graphic designer called Seiya, who was travelling round Vietnam on his own, and a Vietnamese guy from Hanoi who was a civil engineer and travelling to Hue for business.

We had a far better travelling experience than Alex and Mairead who, whilst it started out great as they shared alcohol with their cabin companions, a married couple who diplomats for the UN and Japan, it all got a bit awkward when the wife of the couple projectile vomited over Alex's bed narrowly missing his head. In fact when I went to see them the next day in their cabin, before we disembarked the train at Hue, the wife was still sleeping it off and the husband was a tad tense with embarrassment. 

Ours was a great compartment as the Vietnamese chap taught the three travellers some basic Vietnamese words and Seiya treated us to a great rendition of tap dancing. Seiya also taught us a few words in Japanese ahead of our leg in Tokyo and promised to join us on one of our nights to show us to his favourite places. It was funny to see his face when the penny dropped, after a number of drawings, that 'Cumpie' (hello in Japanese) had completely different meaning in English.

The next post of the blog will cover Hue, the Demilitarised Zone, trip to Hoi An and our time in Hoi An. As we have an eighteen hour train journey to Ho Chi Min starting this afternoon, I hope to knock it out on route so that it can be posted at some point on our first day in the city. I also hope to reacquaint myself with how I can add pictures and videos into post.

Tam Biet (which is the Vietnamese for goodbye literally meaning to 'part temporarily')

A brief background to and History of Vietnam

This post contains a brief history and some key facts about Vietnam, cherrypicked from information provided by our guide around Halong Bay, called Diep, and from reading the Vietnam posting on Wikepedia.

- Population: Circa 90 million people, so it is the 13th most populace country in world.

- Capital: Hanoi has been the capital since reunification in 1976. There have been three capitals across Vietnamese history.

- State Religion: Buddhism.

- Flag: Red background with golden five pointed star. The red symbolises both the national flower and also the blood that was spilt unifying the country. The five pointed star portrays, supposedly, either the five types of people (worker, farmer, literature, etc) and also the five elements (fire, water, etc).

- Currency: Vietnamese Dong (VND) which has an exchange of x Dong to Pound Sterling. Inflation was triple-digit in the 1970s and the currency was devalued three times in 2010 alone.

- History: 4,000 years

- Largest Ethnic Group: Viet which makes up 80% of population. 

- Language: The most popular first language is Vietnamese; with French as the most popular second language amongst the educated. English is increasingly used now that Vietnam is more active on the international stage.

- Administrative Subdivisions: 58 provinces. 

- Exports: Vietnam is the largest exporter of Cashew nuts and Black Pepper, accounting for a third of the worlds exports, and the second largest exporter of rice.

- Country Motto: Independence - Freedom - Happiness.

The name Vietnam translates into 'South Viet' with Viet deriving from the Imperialist description for people who live in southern China, including what is now Vietnam. Whilst the name Vietnam was referred to from the start of the 19th century, it seems that this officially became the name after World War Two, as before this point in time it was usually referred to as Annam.

Historically, Vietnam was part of Imperial China for 1,000 years until 938 AD, from which time Vietnamese Royal Dynasties ruled until French colonised the country in the mid-19th century. At this point Vietnam was integrated into French Indochina until they were removed in 1954. During World War Two however, Vietnam when was invaded by the Japanese. The Japanese used Vietnam's natural resources to support its military during World War Two, which directly caused over two million deaths during the 'Vietnamese Famine' in 1945.

The removal of the Japanese allowed the Ho Chi Minh led Communists to occupy Hanoi and subsequently they fought against French backed loyalists from southern Vietnam. This conflict between 1946 and 1954, which was classified as the First Indochina war, created two states as a result of the ceasefire, with the country partitioned along the Demilitarised Zone.

A 300-day 'period of free movement' followed between the North and the South as many people fled the North fearing persecution by the communists. The split wasn't intended to be permanent. Elections were scheduled for 1956 that would have reunited the country but, unfortunately, fraudulent elections in the south meant that sides entrenched. This resulted in Viet Cong guerrilla campaigns against the south, subsequently caused American participation and escalated to what became known as the Vietnam War.

Following heavy military defeats and casualties America withdrew forces in 1973. This allowed the North to complete its victory over the South such that Vietnam reunified in 1976 to form the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The death toll in the Vietnam war is believed to have reached circa 3 million people.

After 1976, socialist reforms caused social and economic chaos across the country. Millions of Southern Vietnamese were either sent to 'reeducation camps', forced to carry out hard labour or were executed. The country also experienced triple-digit inflation during this period.

Vietnam seemed to struggle and stay on the sidelines international until the middle 1980s when the country decide to reform. Since the reforms started in 1986 Vietnam has moved from a 'planned' economy to a 'socialist orientated market economy', which has allowed more private ownership and foreign investment.

It is interesting to note that the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is one of only four (China, Loas and Cuba are the others) remaining in the world. However, despite this and the fact that only political organisations either affiliated or permitted by the Communist Party are allowed to participate in elections, the Economist categorises Vietnam's rulers as "ardently Capitalist Communists". Although in contrast to this Vietnam, like China, still continues to formulate and adopt centrally planned five year plans.

Good Morning Vietnam (1st October)

This post of the blog covers the period from when we landed in Vietnam till the end of our time in Hanoi. To pitch a rather tenuous Lord of The Rings theme, it felt we had made our first baby steps outside the Shire and tentatively entered to into the Prancing Pony in Bree; I know I felt rather like an ickle Hobbit trying to get a beer from men when trying to cross the road; but more about that later.

We landed early morning of Wednesday 1st October and, after forty-five minutes fighting the visa processing system, were reunited with our bags and found the minibus to journey into the Hanoi Old Town. I am actually quite relieved to have spent two years in Dubai, as whilst the visa process at the Hanoi Arrivals was illogical, it was light years ahead of any government process in the Middle East. 

Basically, you had to second guess the process, which consisted of submitting completed visa application form(s) and passport(s) at a counter hidden round the backside of the visa processing department and wait for it to be processed inside. At some point afterwards, with no seeming adherence to first come first served, you were called to present yourself at the front counter. It is quite funny that there are people that I have been friends with for over thirty years and I am not one hundred percent sure of their middle names, but I know the full names of complete strangers, as they were announced to much smirking and sniggering all round. My regal sounding middle names definitely was in the top quartile of tittering decibel levels...

With the appropriate amount of U.S. Dollars paid, our passports were handed back, which on closer inspection showed that a whole one page was taken up with our new Vietnam visa sticker. This reaffirmed my opinion that I was right to get a new passport, as I only had eight pages left in my old one even though it was only two years old, and I had already used up two pages in my new one entering our first country.

So, once we located the right minibus and had waited the eternity for it to fill up, we were on our way into central Hanoi. It is amazing that all round the world the drives from the airports into their host cities are remarkably similar: haulage, car hire and distribution companies near the airport; utilities next; then the dodgy parts of town;  and a few business areas and Universities before reaching the touristy bits. 

Whilst similar to most routes into city, it was actually an interesting drive, primarily as this is my first time in South East Asia. Secondly because I was sitting next to an American graduate who seemed genuinely impressed that I had heard of the company she was starting her graduate job with after her trip, a small company called Accenture! Finally it was an interesting drive due in no small part to the fact that the driver lost interest in customer service the longer we got into trip and successive drop-offs. He started out dropping people off at the doors of their hotel/hostel. By our stop he was reduced to pointing up a reasonably main road saying that it would be five minutes that way...

Our hotel (Old Town Hotel Hanoi) was excellent and comes highly recommended by us, for both the standard of the rooms and also the excellent location. After a quick shower and change of clothes we were out exploring what Hanoi had to offer. Anyone that has been to Hanoi will testify that it is a magic place. A mixture of large green spaces, vast centrally located lakes, bustling streets and an array of spectacular architecture. We took in Hoin Kiem Lake and the outsides of the Opera House, Revolution Museum and  Women Museum before entering the Hanoi Prison Museum; which was extremely interesting. 

This was the place that Vietnamese activists against French rule, as well as American pilots captured during the Vietnam War, were incarcerated. There was even a picture of previous US Presidential Candidate John McCain taken during his captivity in the prison. It also contained artefacts, pictures and narratives of wider Vietnamese history so, all in all, it was a suitable place to dip the toe in the water to the history and culture of the country.

After some street food for lunch (I will leave that to Becs' blog on foods of the world for details - I will include her blog address in a future post) we then took in the Temple of Literature and the Flag Tower to end the afternoon wander about. The Flag Tower is similar in importance to Hanoi as Trafalgar Square is to London, as it seems like the place that people gather on important national events. 

Unfortunately the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum and other buildings around the Botanical Gardens were closed in preparation for Vietnam' Independence Festivities on the tenth of October, but it was still a successful day sight seeing. We are also extremely excited to experience the 60th anniversary of independence when we are in Ho Chi Min the day before we leave Vietnam for Cambodia.

As we knew after two days at Ha Long Bay we were proceeding by train to Hue, we went to the train station to purchase our sleeper tickets. At this point I should mention the other thing that any visitor to Hanoi will remember about the place; crossing the roads. Quite simply they are an experience in themselves. Standing like Lemmings on the edge of the edge of the abyss, with no sign of traffic rules, we followed the lead of locals and slowly edged across the road, becoming isolated islands with traffic flowing around us like the currents of the city's Red River. 

Very quickly we managed spot the gaps and learn the two vital rules of crossing: 1) never stop; and 2) keep at a constant pace. Despite the chaos we never saw any accident in Hanoi. The traffic only proceeds at 15-20 MPH and all drivers seem to have respect for pedestrians.

With a few main roads crossed we managed to present ourselves at the ticket office at the train station. We tried every pronunciation of Hue: "Hue", "Huey", "Hey", "Hoe", "Hoey" etc. As a Londoner I really appreciated the devious almost slapstick humour of the residence of Hanoi as the lady at the ticket office just let us continue on regardLess whilst chuckling through her teeth and then using the first of our iterations before producing our tickets.

The next substantive post will cover the period of the 2nd and 3rd of October when we were in Ha Long Bay and on the train to Hue but my next post will be on some history of Vietnam. 

Tam Biet x

Leaving the Shire (29th and 30th September)

As readers of my previous blog on the MDS race might remember, one of my favourite quotes is one by Nelson Mandella who famously said that, "every journey of a thousand miles always begins with a single step". I very much had this in mind when we left Wales late morning on Monday 29th September to head to Heathrow. 

Despite both my wife and I living reasonable full lives till now, and been living abroad for the last two years, we definitely still had the nagging feelings of self doubt and nervousness that precedes any life changing experience. It was also strange that after spending only the last week back in the UK with both families and friends, it really hit us both hard that we were leaving them again so soon. 

Still, the next six months should be magic and a once in a lifetime experience so, after lunch with an old friend and returning our hire car, we finally checked in for the flight around 5 pm. It is funny that after much debates and rows whilst preparing for the trip, the massive massive relief to finally be checked in meant that we both apologised for being dicks over the last few weeks. We both  did still have that natural fear as to whether we were going to be reunited with our bags in Bangkok but I am sure that paranoia will be with us for the next six months; along with me becoming 'Passport Nazi' who keeps asking Becs where her papers are...

So with our 'phoney war' over we headed to the lounge to start our trip in style. A good tip for travellers and holiday makers is that you can get a ticket to the SkyWorld Lounge for £30 per person, regardless of your airline and class of plane ticket. If you buy through one of the online payment websites, like Quidco etc., you actually get some money back. Besides I reckon most people spend near to £30 in an airport anyway, and it means you get unlimited food and drinks as well as being able sit in comfort, so it is reasonably cash neutral with loads of benefits.

Being in the lounge meant that we were able to indulge in one last bit of luxury, despite the waiter chucking my first glass of Champagne over me and my new love: my brand spanking new iPad. All was forgotten when Becs selflessly managed to tip hers over herself whilst laughing at me being drenched; after I first checked that my baby (the iPad) still worked.

I include our proposed travel itinerary for reference and to provide some context for future blogs:

Flight Heathrow to Bangkok and then stay for one night before flying onto Hanoi. We then work our way down Vietnam, up through Cambodia and Laos, before heading over the border into northern Thailand. We then travel back down Thailand taking in Bangkok properly and some of the islands, before spending some time in Malaysia and then arriving in Kuala Lumpur.

From KL we fly to Tokyo and spend three days there before flying onto Sydney. After 5 days in Syndey staying with friends, we head over to Christchurch and spend six weeks traveling round NZ by Campervan. Our last stop in NZ is Aukland and fly out on 24th December, landing in Rio also on the 24th. We then spend 3 months traveling around South America before flying to USA in beginning of April. 

Finally we land in San Fransisco and then do road trip via San Diego, Napa Valley and LA before flying back to the UK on 10th April, so we can be at my, elderly, sister's 40th birthday party on the 11th; that is if her care home allow her out that night... ;-)

Apologies if the itinerary makes people jealous, but hopefully others will be inspired by this blog to pull the handbrake on the rate-race treadmill and do a similar trip.

Back to the present, or the past... After being spoilt over last few years flying with Virgin and Emirates, especially as we have been either using air miles or treating ourselves to upgrades it was a bit of a shock to the system to fly Air India from London to Bangkok (via a stop in Dehli) and then Air Asia from Bangkok to Hanoi, but I bet now that if asked in six months time I would maybe rank these near the top of the airline list, as we have a few suspect airlines coming up...

I have to give Becs all the credit at this point as she has been the one doing all the planning and preparation for the trip and I only have had to chip in when we have had to make any joint decisions on timings and routes. We managed to save quite a bit of money splitting the flight into three flights and using lower grade airlines.

Still, they were a tad painful flights as my screen for the entertainment system was not working on the first flight, there was only Punjab music and Bollywood films on the second and nothing on the third. Luckily, I could still find some choice music albums on the first and played on my iPad on the second and third.

As we landed in Bangkok at one international airport and flew out of the other, we got a taster of Bangkok life so I am already looking forward to go back there in a few weeks. We even got to meet our first ladyboy; I just didn't expect them to work as a cashier at the local convince store. We stayed at the Thanapa Apartments, which was functional and clean if a little basic but perfect for us as just needed a few hours kip in-between flights.

The next blog will cover 1st - 3rd October: Hanoi and Ha Long Bay. As we will be into our travels properly then it should be less drier than the first substantive post of this blog. 

Also currently the lag between the actual event and posting the blog is about five days at the moment. Now that we have completed Halong Bay and are back in Wi-Zones I hope to be able to complete the next two on our next train ride so I can then write and post a few paragraphs each evening before hitting the hay.